The study included 1,068 consecutive patients, a median of 16 months after a heart attack and/or a procedure to open blocked arteries (stent placement or bypass surgery). Data on insomnia, risk factors for repeat cardiac events, and acquired conditions were collected at the outset.
Participants completed the Bergen Insomnia Scale questionnaire based on diagnostic criteria for insomnia. Six questions including ability to fall asleep and stay asleep, wake up early, feel inadequately rested, fatigue during the day affect ability to function at work or socially, and dissatisfaction satisfied with sleep.
Risk factors include C-reactive protein (a marker of inflammation), smoking status, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, diabetes, physical activity, waist circumference, and systolic blood pressure. Comorbidities were stroke, transient ischemic attack, peripheral arterial disease, and renal failure.
Patients were followed for the primary composite endpoint of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), defined as cardiovascular death, hospitalization for myocardial infarction, revascularization, stroke, or heart failure. heart. The resulting data were obtained from hospital records.
About one-fifth of the participants (21%) were women. At baseline, the mean age of patients was 62 years, nearly half (45%) had insomnia and 24% had used sleeping pills in the past week. During a mean follow-up of 4.2 years, a total of 364 MACEs occurred in 225 patients.
Compared with subjects without insomnia, the relative risk of recurrent MACE in insomnia patients was 1.62 after adjustment for age and sex, and 1.49 after adjustment for additional risk factors. coronary artery disease and 1.48 after also adjusting for acquired conditions..
This study also shows that insomnia is common in heart disease patients and is associated with subsequent cardiovascular problems regardless of risk factors, underlying health status and health symptoms. mental.
Further research is needed to see if insomnia treatments such as cognitive behavioral therapy and digital apps are effective in this group of patients.
Source: Medindia
