Health

How Does the Gut Repair Damaged Tissues?


“It is important for us to understand the niches and how lymph communicates with cells,” said Ophir Klein, MD, Ph.D., senior author of the study and chief executive officer of Cedars-Sinai Guerin Children. stem cells as part of the niche. “Decoding the mechanisms that explain how the stem cell-supporting ecosystem works will help lay the groundwork for future discoveries that may one day lead to therapeutic strategies to repair tissues.” hurt.”

Lymphatic system

The gut undergoes constant renewal to combat the wear and tear caused by the breakdown of food and the presence of waste that can damage and kill cells. The gut needs to constantly replenish itself with healthy cells, and fortunately, it has an exceptional ability to regenerate cells.

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The division of stem cells in the gut to produce more cells is regulated by their niche, which includes several cell types and is an essential signal source. However, it remains unclear which niche cells generate signals in different trauma states.

To better understand how stem cells work, the team wanted to find out which cells help intestinal epithelial cells repair themselves — especially lymphoid endothelial cells.

“Lymph is very close to stem cells and virtually all compartments of the body,” said Brisa Palikuqi, PhD, study co-first author and postdoctoral fellow at Klein Labs at UCSF. stem cells are all close to the lymph. . “Because the two cell types are so close together, this leads us to believe that these white blood cells may play an important role.”

Lymphocytes express several factors, including a gene, Rspo3, known to be important for stem cells to function. To determine whether this gene plays an important role in the regulation of stem cells in the gut, the researchers deleted the gene in mice and then used single-cell sequencing to see the how would stem cells in the gut react without Rspo3.

Initially, stem cells do not have any response to changes in the environment. The researchers then decided to compromise the system by delivering a chemotherapy drug that kills any proliferating cells wherever the drug travels in the body.

“When we did this, suddenly the stem and intestinal cells had to proliferate greatly and replace many cells,” said Dr. more everyday. and other first co-authors of the study.

Loss of the Rspo3 gene leads to lower numbers of stem and progenitor cells, hindering recovery from injury.

Klein notes that the study demonstrates how lymphatic endothelial cells play a much larger role than previously thought in stem cell regeneration and may play some role in disease, even may even influence the promotion of cancer.

“We are just beginning to understand the functions of the lymphatic system,” says Klein.

Klein previously directed the Institute of Human Genetics and was head of the Division of Medical Genetics and Cranial Anomalies at UCSF, where he remains an adjunct professor. Klein has conducted research at both USCF and Cedars-Sinai.

Source: Eurekalert



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