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Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlüt Çavuşoğlu on Sunday said Turkey had decided that Russia’s invasion of Ukraine was a “war”.

“Is this conflict or war? We have decided that. Article 19 of the Montreux Convention is very clear. This is a war,” he said in a live interview with CNN Turk.

Turkish recognition has important implications for adoption in 1936 Montreux Convention regulate naval activities through the Turkish Strait.

The Montreux Convention gave Turkey certain control over the passage of warships from the Dardanelles and Bosporus straits connecting the Aegean, Marmara and Black Seas.

In peacetime warships can pass through the strait by diplomatic notice with certain restrictions on the weight of the ships and the weapons they carry depending on the ship if it belongs to the Sea country. Black or not.

In wartime, when Turkey is not at war, warships can use the strait except in areas belonging to belligerent countries.

Under the convention, if Turkey is a belligerent or considers itself threatened by impending war, it may or may not close the straits to warships through the Black Sea.

However, as Çavuşoğlu mentions article 19 of the Montreux Convention makes an exception. Warships of belligerent countries can return to their starting bases in the Black Sea.

“Now that this conflict has turned into war, in this case, this is how we apply Montreux to either side, Russia or Ukraine. Article 19 makes an exception. If a ship of a country at war is returning to its port, an exception is made. We will implement all Montreux regulations in a transparent manner. ”

This means that even with a Turkish ban, Russian and Ukrainian ships can still return to their starting bases. Çavuşoğlu said when applying exceptions should abuse the clause. And added “I explain the position of Montreux and Turkey.”

Add background: the Montreux Convention, signed in 1936, giving Turkey control of the passage of ships through those two main straits. In peacetime, civilian ships can pass freely, although there are certain restrictions on the passage of ships not belonging to the Black Sea countries.

The Black Sea countries – along with Turkey, Russia and Ukraine – also include Bulgaria, Georgia and Romania.

Warships can pass through the strait in peacetime, but under conditions that limit the total tonnage depending on whether they are a Black Sea state and limit the length of stay in the Black Sea to states. non-Black Sea country. There are also restrictions on the size of weapons they can carry and Turkey should be informed of this requirement.



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